How is partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide treated?

Dong L, Su F, Wang YZ. Treatment of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide by mixed bacteria isolated from wastewater. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy. 2020;39 (6):e13445. doi: 10.1002/ep.13445. [DOI] [Google Scholar]

What is hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)?

Materials Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) was provided by Shandong Polymer Biochemicals CO., Ltd. China. It has molecular weight of 24 million with 25% degree of hydrolysis.

Does polyacrylamide hydrolysis lead to syneresis?

In addition, considerable hydrolysis of Polyacrylamide (PAAm) results into syneresis. It is obvious that overwhelming syneresis of polymer gel leads to 90% expulsion of contained water in the gel network.

How is acrylamide formed?

It has been reported that acrylamide is formed upon polyacrylamide exposure to UV radiation (Al-Moqbali et al., 2018; Smith et al., 1997). Thus, the byproducts of these reactions are important since they can raise the toxicity of the degradation processes, especially radical formation.

Is polyacrylamide soluble in water?

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a synthetic polymer of long-chain acrylamide subunits, high molecular weight (1000 to 20 × 10 6 g/mol), and a wide range degree of hydrolysis (Abidin et al., 2012; Joshi & Abed, 2017). It is extremely soluble in water, but not soluble in organic solvents, such as methanol and hydrocarbons (Lu & Wu, 2002; Braun et al., 2022).

Are polyacrylamide-degrading bacterial strains isolated from soil?

Two polyacrylamide-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from soil, Bacillus sphaericus and Acinetobacter sp., utilizing 16–19% polyacrylamide after 14 days of cultivation (Matsuoka et al., 2002).