Is cationic Pam effective in flocculation?

The success of anionic and cationic PAM in flocculation can be related to particle charges that allow for particle flocculation with polymers. Non-ionic PAM was shown to be ineffective at flocculating tailing particles. The ionicity of the polymer appears to be highly relevant here, based on the results.

How cationic polyacrylamide (PAMC) is prepared?

Flocculation and mechanism was discussed based on zeta potential and pH analysis. A novel cationic polyacrylamide (PAMC) with various cationic monomer contents were prepared by copolymerizing acrylamide (AM) and methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution (DMC) through low-pressure ultraviolet (UV) initiation.

Is polyacrylamide a comonomer?

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is the basis for most commercial polymeric flocculants mentioned in the literature (anionic, cationic, or non-ionic); this polymer is also modifiable with combinations of comonomers.

What is polyacrylamide (PAM) used for?

In water treatment and industrial production, polyacrylamide (PAM) is widely used as an important flocculant in wastewater treatment, pulp production, ore processing, and other fields. Based on its ionic properties, PAM can be divided into anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and cationic PAM (CPAM).

Which is better cationic or anionic polyacrylamide?

Cationic PAM is especially suitable for treating negatively charged organic substances such as high-concentration colloids and suspended solids in wastewater treatment. Due to its complex production process and superior performance, cationic PAM is usually priced higher than anionic polyacrylamide.

How effective is PAMC flocculation in turbid water clarification?

Chemical and morphology structures of PAMC were characterized and analyzed. Flocculation performance and kinetics were investigated in highly turbid water clarification. Most effective flocculation occurred at pH 4 with the flocculant which contained the highest cationic content.