What are cationic polyelectrolytes?

Cationic polyelectrolytes are water-soluble polymers bearing positive ionic groups along the backbone or in side chains. These cationic polymers are synthesized by free radical polymerization of acrylamide and their derivatives by the copolymerization method, which includes solution, precipitation, and emulsion techniques.

Do cationic polyelectrolytes have charged moieties?

In this review, we focus on the crucial synthetic strategies of structurally different classes of main-chain cationic polyelectrolytes. As a result of the presence of charged moieties in the main polymeric backbone, their solubility and photophysical properties can be easily tuned.

What are the different types of polyacrylamide adsorption?

In practice, however, this adsorption is often enhanced by using modified (anionic or cationic) forms of polyacrylamide. Polyacrylamide can be classified to three categories: non-ionic, anionic and cationic polyacrylamide. Keywords: Polyacrylamide; non-ionic; anionic; cationic; wastewater treatment. 1. INTRODUCTION

How does pH affect cationic polyacrylamide flocculants?

The increase of polyelectrolyte uptake with pH gives a greater coverage per particle and hence a looser (semi-structured) floc agglomerate. The effectiveness of these cationic polyacrylamides (30% cationic character) as flocculants diminished with increasing pH.

Is polyacrylamide ionic or non-ionic?

The polyacrylamide produced is a non-ionic polyacrylamide. Synthetic polyacrylamides which are often quoted as non-ionic actually contain, as in the case of polymers and copolymers made from acrylamide, some 1-3% of anionic groups arising from the hydrolysis of amide groups.

What is polyacrylamide?

Polyacrylamide is a term that has various definitions. For our purposes here, we will simply term polyacrylamide as a polymer that contains an acrylamide monomer at some level. Polyacrylamides make up the largest group of polymers in comparison to other synthetic polymeric polyelectrolytes.