What are anionic polyacrylamides?

Anionic polyacrylamides (PAMs) are a class of synthetic water-soluble polymers (composed of long chains of acrylamide monomer) used as flocculants. They are available in dry powder form, liquid emulsion, and gelatinous blocks.

What are the advantages of anionic polyacrylamide?

The use of anionic polyacrylamide increases the flocculation efficiency of the coagulant, increasing the settling speed, reducing the amount of coagulant required for the treatment and lowering the cost of the coagulation-flocculation process. This work was financially supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain.

Is anionic polyacrylamide toxic?

Anionic polyacrylamide has no systemic toxicity to aquatic organisms or micro-organisms. The polymer is much too large to be absorbed into tissues and cells. The functional anionic groups do not interfere with the functioning of fish gills or daphnia respirators.

What is the optimal dose of anionic polyacrylamide?

Optimal dose of anionic polyacrylamide: 25 mg l −1 when ferric sulphate is used as coagulant, 75 mg l −1 when the coagulant is aluminium sulphate and 20 mg l −1 for PAX-18. The results obtained are affected to a marked degree by pH.

What if anionic-Polyacrylamide is used as a flocculating agent?

The adding amount is only1/50 of inorganic flocculating agent if anionic-polyacrylamide is adopted as flocculating agent, but the effect is several times better than the organic flocculating agent, and even dozens of times. 03. Textile Auxiliary Agent:

What is a nonionic polyacrylamide sand prevention & solidification agent?

Sand Prevention and Solidification: The nonionic-polyacrylamide is dissolved into 0.3% concentration, cross-linking agent is added, and the product can be sprayed on desert to prevent and solidify sand. 09. Oil field profile controlling and water-plugging agent: