What is anionic polyacrylamide?

It is known as the most widely used additive. Anionic polyacrylamide is the generic name for a group of very high molecular weight macromolecules produced by the free-radical polymerization of acrylamide and an anionically charged comonomer, mainly the sodium salt of acrylic acid, sodium acrylate.

What are the different types of anionic polyacrylamide synthesis technologies?

The paper lists six different kinds of anionic polyacrylamide synthesis technologies, including homopolymerization posthydrolysis process, homopolymerization cohydrolysis process, copolymerization approach, inverse emulsion polymerization, precipitation polymerization and radiation polymerization.

What is the difference between anionic acrylamide copolymer retention aids and strength agents?

Anionic acrylamide copolymer retention aids typically have molecular masses in the range of 5 to 20 million grams per mole. The strength agents typically have molecular masses in the hundreds of thousands. Another difference is in the form delivered to the mill.

What determines the molecular weight of anionic polyacrylamide?

The molecular weight is determined by the type and concentration of the reaction initiator and the reaction parameters. Anionic polyacrylamide has no systemic toxicity to aquatic organisms or micro-organisms. The polymer is much too large to be absorbed into tissues and cells.

What is an anionic Pam?

Anionic PAM is produced when acrylamide is polymerized with an anionic comonomer. Water soluble PAMs have been used for decades to facilitate solid liquid separations in wastewater and drinking water treatment, the pulp and paper industry, aquaculture, and many other industrial processes.